The great multinationals of sport footwear do not manufacture sneakers at all, they only design and market them. Manufacture is subcontracted to countries with cheap labour cost (generally with very precarious conditions) because to manufacture sneakers much labour is needed . There are still some enterprises manufacturing the whole or most part of the sneakers. Let us search them.
The leather sneakers have optimal properties. It seems that some synthetic materials equal them.
administrations: Dept. de Medi Ambient de la Generalitat de Catalunya;
books: Naomi Klein: No Logo;
organizations: Campanya Roba Neta, Centre for Research on Multinational Companies, Comissions Obreres.