Mineral paints
All of their components are mineral. There are two types - silicate and lime. Silicate emulsion mineral paints contain a small portion of petroleum distillates. As a binder and a solvent, silicate paints use potassium silicate, a substance of a peculiar nature which is also known as liquid glass.
It can only be applied to mineral substrates (chalk, stone, cement...) that have not been painted with a synthetic or natural paint, although there are some modern varieties that will allow this. It is not as easy to apply as other paints. They are very well suited to exteriors and for humid rooms. Due to their high vapor permeability, they maintain the porosity of the wall, easily allowing humidity to transpire.
Natural paints
Natural paints are paints whose ingredients are made entirely of plant products (resins, oils, waxes...), animal products (such as casein) or minerals.
Many have orange peel oil and smell very good. They can be applied to any interior surface (they do not weather well).
Synthetic paints
The majority of the ingredients are petroleum products and they also contain minerals. They also can be identified as acrylic, latex or water based; in fact, manufacturers tend to only use the word synthetic to refer to oil based paints, especially enamels and varnishes. The vast majority of paints on the market are synthetic paints.
On exterior walls, if there are a number of layers of synthetic paint, you have to strip it with hot water pressure or toxic solvents (see below).